Class 10 Sakhi Explanation

The study of Sakhi in Class 10 is an important part of Hindi literature, especially in the NCERT curriculum. These short couplets written by Sant Kabir are known for their deep spiritual and moral meanings. Kabir was a 15th-century Indian mystic poet and saint whose verses continue to inspire readers with their simple language yet profound philosophical messages. Understanding the explanation of Sakhi in Class 10 helps students connect with traditional Indian wisdom while improving their analytical and literary skills. Each couplet, or sakhi, conveys valuable lessons about human behavior, social values, and the path to self-realization.

What Is a Sakhi?

A Sakhi is a short verse or couplet that expresses a philosophical or moral teaching. Derived from the root word ‘sakshi’ meaning witness, a sakhi bears witness to a truth of life. In the Class 10 Hindi curriculum, sakhis by Sant Kabir are included to give students a glimpse into Bhakti literature, which uses everyday language and metaphors to deliver deep spiritual insights. These couplets are often just two lines long but pack a powerful message.

About Sant Kabir

Kabir was one of the prominent saints of the Bhakti movement. He is known for breaking the barriers of religion and caste and promoting love, humanity, and devotion to a formless God. He was critical of blind rituals in both Hinduism and Islam and urged people to look within for spiritual guidance. His writings are in simple Hindi and use everyday examples such as a potter, a weaver, or a traveler, making his teachings accessible to the common people.

Class 10 Hindi Curriculum and Sakhi

In Class 10, students are introduced to selected sakhis that form part of the ‘Kshitij’ textbook. The poems aim to develop a student’s understanding of poetry, appreciation for Indian literary heritage, and moral reasoning. Each sakhi is explained in detail, focusing on both its literal meaning and deeper interpretation. Understanding these couplets requires not only linguistic skill but also the ability to grasp abstract ideas through concrete examples.

Key Themes in Kabir’s Sakhis

Kabir’s sakhis touch upon many themes that are timeless and universal. Some of the recurring ideas include:

• Simplicity in life and spirituality: Kabir emphasizes that true devotion does not require rituals or expensive offerings but sincerity and humility.
• Self-awareness: He encourages introspection and self-correction instead of blaming others.
• Unity of God: Kabir speaks against the division of God into different religions and encourages worship of a single, formless divine presence.
• Moral values: His sakhis teach honesty, kindness, patience, and detachment from material possessions.

Example of a Sakhi and Its Explanation

Let us take a commonly studied sakhi in Class 10:

‘बुरा जो देखन मैं चला, बुरा न मिलिठा कोठ।
जो दिल खोजा आपना, मुà¤à¤¸à¥‡ बुरा न कोठ॥’

Translation: I went in search of the bad in others, but I found no one bad. When I looked into my own heart, I realized that I was the worst of all.

Explanation: In this sakhi, Kabir teaches the importance of self-reflection. Instead of blaming others for problems or misdeeds, we should examine our own thoughts and behavior. Often, the negativity we see in the world is a reflection of our own mindset. This sakhi promotes humility and personal growth.

Another Popular Sakhi and Its Meaning

‘धीरे-धीरे रे मना, धीरे सब कुछ होठ।
माली सींचे सौ घड़ा, ऋतु आठे फल होठ॥’

Translation: Slowly, slowly, O mind, everything happens at its own pace. A gardener may water the plant with a hundred pots, but the fruit will come only in its season.

Explanation: Here, Kabir speaks about patience and natural timing. No matter how hard we try to hurry things, some outcomes only come in their own time. Just like a plant bears fruit only in the right season, success and results in life also require patience and the right moment. This sakhi is a lesson in trust and perseverance.

Literary Devices Used in Sakhis

Kabir’s poetry makes use of various literary tools to convey meaning in a compact form. These include:

• Metaphor: Everyday objects like a pot, weaver, boat, or gardener are used as symbols.
• Alliteration: Repetition of consonant sounds enhances the musical quality.
• Parallelism: The use of similar structure in both lines for rhythm and emphasis.
• Irony: Many sakhis challenge accepted social practices, highlighting their contradictions.

These elements make the poetry engaging and easier to memorize, which was important in a time when oral tradition was the main mode of knowledge sharing.

Relevance of Kabir’s Teachings Today

The messages found in Kabir’s sakhis are still relevant in modern life. In a world full of competition, judgment, and division, his advice on compassion, simplicity, and spiritual focus offers great value. Students reading these verses learn to question social norms, think independently, and live ethically. In classrooms, these teachings promote open discussion and cultural awareness.

Educational Benefits of Learning Sakhis

Studying Kabir’s sakhis in Class 10 offers several academic and personal advantages:

• Enhances comprehension and interpretation skills
• Introduces students to classical Hindi literature
• Encourages moral reasoning and critical thinking
• Improves vocabulary and poetic appreciation

These benefits help students grow both intellectually and emotionally, making them more aware and empathetic individuals.

Tips for Understanding and Memorizing Sakhis

Many students find it helpful to break each sakhi into two steps literal meaning and deep explanation. Here are some tips to understand and remember them better:

• Read each sakhi aloud to understand the rhythm and flow.
• Write down the meaning in your own words.
• Relate the message to real-life situations or personal experiences.
• Practice reciting them regularly for memorization.
• Discuss with teachers or classmates to get different perspectives.

Class 10 students are given a golden opportunity to explore the wisdom of Sant Kabir through his sakhis. These couplets, though brief, contain valuable life lessons on self-awareness, humility, patience, and faith. Learning these teachings not only strengthens literary skills but also shapes character and values. The sakhi explanation section in the Hindi syllabus is not just a poetic study; it is a gateway to understanding India’s rich spiritual and philosophical tradition. Through careful reading and reflection, students can find meaning that stays with them well beyond the classroom.